A Stufy Focused on Tallow Oleic Acid

Tallow-oleic estolide 2-ethylhexyl (2-EH) esters were synthesized in a perchloric acid catalyzed one-potprocess from industrial 90% oleic and tallow fatty acids at various ratios, while varying the ratio of tallow and oleic fatty acids, with the esterification process incorporated into an in situ second step to provide a functional fluid. Their viscosities ranged 57–80 cSt at 40  C and 10.8–14.0 cSt at 100  C with viscosity index (VI) 169–185. The 100% tallow estolide 2-EH ester had modest low-temperature properties (pour point = –15  C and cloud point =–14  C), while the 50:50 mixture of oleic and tallow fatty acids produced an estolide that had better low-temperature properties (pour point = –21  C and cloud point = –21  C) without a large negative effect on the oxidative stability. The oxidative stability increased as the amount of satura-tion increased (rotating pressurized vessel oxidation test(RPVOT) • 165–274 min). The tallow-oleic estolide 2-EHesters have shown remarkably low evaporative losses of only 1% loss compared to a 15–17% loss for commercial materials of similar viscosity grade. Along with expected good biodegradability, these tallow-oleic estolide 2-EHesters had acceptable properties that should provide a specialty niche.
The tallow fatty acid profile depends highly on the tissue location as well as the diet of the animal. The typical
fatty acid profile is oleic acid (18:1) at 43.3% as the major fatty acid with palmitic acid (16:0) at 24.6% as the second one (Table 1). Overall, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were represented at almost a 1:1 split

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