What Is Vinyl Fluoride?

Vinyl fluoride is an organic halide with the chemical formula C2H3F. It is a colorless gas with a faint etherlike odor. It is used as the monomeric precursor to the fluoropolymer polyvinylfluoride.

Vinyl fluoride (VF) is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on evidence of tumor induction at multiple organ sites in rats and mice. Inhalation exposure of rats to vinyl fluoride resulted in increased incidences of hepatic hemangiosarcomas, hepatocellular adenomas or carcinomas, and Zymbal gland carcinomas; inhalation exposure of mice to VF resulted in increased incidences of hepatic hemangiosarcomas, bronchiolar-alveolar adenomas or adenocarcinomas, hepatocellular adenomas, mammary gland adenocarcinomas, and Harderian gland adenomas (Bogdanffy et al. 1995; IARC 1995). The tumor response to VF in laboratory animals is similar to the responses to vinyl chloride, a known human carcinogen (NTP 1998; IARC 1987), and to vinyl bromide, a probable human carcinogen (IARC 1986). A unique feature of vinyl chloride carcinogenicity is the induction of rare hepatic hemangiosarcomas in rats and mice and the causal association in epidemiological studies between vinyl chloride exposure and excess risk of hemangiosarcoma of the liver (NTP 1998). The fact that VF, vinyl chloride, and vinyl bromide induce rare hemangiosarcomas of the liver in experimental animals and induce the formation of similar DNA adducts suggests a possible common mechanism of carcinogenicity for these vinyl halides.

Vinyl fluoride is a member of the vinyl halide class. VF and the other vinyl halides are used ubiquitously in industry, especially in manufacture of plastics. They are easily polymerized and copolymerized with various materials, such as acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and styrene, to form pliable lightweight plastics or thermoplastic resins (HSDB 1995). VF (C2H3F, mol wt 46.044, CASRN 75-02-5) also is known as fluoroethene. It is
a colorless gas at ambient temperature and pressure and is highly flammable. VF is used in the production of polyvinyl fluoride and other fluoropolymers and as an intermediate in organic synthesis.
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Features of 1,1-Difluoroethylene

Item Name: 1,1-Difluoroethylene
Molecular Formula: C2H2F2
CAS No.: 75-38-7
Features of 1,1-Difluoroethylene:
mw   64.03
mp  −144 °C(lit.)
bp  −83 °C(lit.)
density  0,617 g/cm3
vapor density  2.2 (vs air)
vapor pressure  518 psi ( 21 °C)
Fp  <-60°C

1,1-Difluoroethylene is a hydrofluoroolefin. Global production in 1999 was approximately 33,000 metric tons. It is primarily used in the production of fluoropolymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride. Laser Stark spectra are given for 1,1difluoroethylene (H2CCF2) using laser λ = 337 μm. Three families of resonances are analyzed, two of them being the related transitions J(Ka, Kc) = 47(40, 8) ← 46(40, 7) and 47(40, 7) ← 46(40, 6). Relationships between the two transitions permit the calculation of both the zero-field transition frequencies and the effective dipole moment. A third family is assigned as 38(32, 7) ← 37(30, 8). The Stark shift is quasi-linear with E field, dominated by near-degenerate doublet interactions. Extended measurements and a reanalysis of the microwave spectrum are reported, in connection with the analysis of the far infrared spectrum.

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Properties of Chlorotrifluoroethylene

Item Name: Chlorotrifluoroethylene
Molecular Formula: C2ClF3
CAS No.: 79-38-9

Properties of Chlorotrifluoroethylene:
mw   116.47
mp  −158 °C(lit.)
bp  −28.4 °C(lit.)
density  1,305 g/cm3
vapor density  4.13 (vs air)
Fp  -28°C

CTFE, or chlorotrifluoroethylene is a chlorofluorocarbon with chemical formula CF2CClF. It is commonly used as a refrigerant in cryogenic applications. CTFE has a C=C double bond and so can be copolymerised to produce the plastic ECTFE. CTFE has also been polymerized into the homopolymer PCTFE meaning polychlorotrifluoroethylene. PCTFE has the trade name Neoflon® from Daikin Industries in Japan, and used to be produced under the trade name Kel-F® from 3M Corporation in Minnesota.


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Tetrafluoroethylene's Industrial Use

Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) is a chemical compound with the formula C2F4. It is the simplest alkene fluorocarbon. This gaseous species is used primarily in the industrial preparation of polymers.

Polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene produces polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymers such as Teflon and Fluon. PTFE is one of the two fluorocarbon resins composed wholly of fluorine and carbon. The other resin composed purely of carbon and fluorine is the copolymer of TFE with typically 6–9% hexafluoropropene (HFP), which is known as FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer). TFE is also used in the preparation of numerous copolymers that also include hydrogen and/or oxygen, including both fluoroplastics and fluoroelastomers. Typical TFE-based fluoroplastics include ETFE, the alternating 1:1 copolymer with ethylene, and PFA, which is a random copolymer similar to FEP but with a minor amount of a perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether (PAVE) rather than HFP. DuPont uses primarily perfluoro(methylvinylether), whereas Daikin uses primarily perfluoro(propylvinylether) in manufacturing PFA. There are numerous other fluoropolymers that contain TFE, but usually not at greater than 50% by weight.

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The Safety of Allyl Chloride

Item Name: Allyl chloride
Molecular Formula: C3H5Cl
CAS No.: 107-05-1

Allyl chloride is the organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCH2Cl. This colorless liquid is insoluble in water but soluble in common organic solvents. It is mainly converted to epichlorohydrin, used in the production of plastics. It is a chlorinated derivative of propylene.
Allyl chloride is highly toxic and flammable. Eye effects may be delayed and may lead to possible impairment of vision.

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1,2,3-Trichloropropene's Effects of Exposure

1,2,3-Trichloropropane (1,2,3-Trichloropropene or TCP ) is a chemical compound that is commonly used as an industrial solvent. Although it is not currently labeled as a contaminant by the United States federal government, new research shows that it could have severe health effects. Currently, only California has significant regulation on this compound.

Humans can be exposed to TCP by inhaling its fumes or through skin contact and ingestion. TCP is recognized in California as a human carcinogen, and extensive animal studies have shown that it causes cancer. Short term exposure to TCP can cause throat and eye irritation and can affect muscle coordination and concentration. Long term exposure can affect body weight and kidney function.

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Breif Information of 2-Chloro-1,3-Butadiene

Item Name: 2-Chloro-1,3-Butadiene
Molecular Formula: C4H5Cl
CAS No.; 126-99-8
Synonyms: 1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro-;1,3-Chloro-2-butadiene;2-Chloor-1,3-butadieen;2-Chlor-1,3-butadien;2-chloro-1,3-butadiene(chloroprene);2-chloro-1,3-butadiene(chloroprene)(50%inxylene);2-chloro-3-butadiene;2-chloro-buta-1,3-diene

1,3-Butadiene is a simple conjugated diene with the formula C4H6. It is an important industrial chemical used as a monomer in the production of synthetic rubber. When the word butadiene is used, most of the time it refers to 1,3-butadiene.

The name butadiene can also refer to the isomer, 1,2-butadiene, which is a cumulated diene. However, this allene is difficult to prepare and has no industrial significance. This diene is also not expected to act as a diene in a Diels-Alder reaction due to its structure. To effect a Diels-Alder reaction only a conjugated diene will suffice.
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Properties of Allyl Bromide

Item Name: Allyl bromide
Molecular Formula: C3H5Br
CAS No.: 106-95-6
Synonyms; 1-Bromo-2-propene;1-Propene,3-bromo-;3-bromo-1-propen;3-bromo-prop-1-ene;3-bromo-propen;3-Brompropen;Allylbromid;allylbromide(3-bromopropene)

Properties of Allyl Bromide:
mw   120.98
mp  -119 °C
bp  70-71 °C(lit.)
density  1.398 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density  4.2 (vs air)
refractive index  n20/D 1.469(lit.)
Fp  28 °F
storage temp.  2-8°C
Water Solubility  insoluble
Merck  14,288
Allyl bromide is a colorless to light yellow, irritating toxic liquid with a boiling point of 71.3°C. It is soluble in organic solvents. It is used in organic synthesis and for the manufacture of synthetic perfumes. Allyl bromide (3-bromoprop-1-ene) is an organic halide. Its refractive index is 1.4697 (20 °C, 589 nm). Allyl bromide is an alkylating agent used in synthesis of polymers, pharmaceuticals, allyls and other organic compounds.

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