Showing posts with label Cholesterol Series. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Cholesterol Series. Show all posts

Sunday, May 6, 2012

Information About Chloride Cholesterol

Molecular formula: C27H45Cl
MW: 405.10
CAS No. : 910-31-6
Melting point: 93-96 ° C.
Specific Rotation -30 ° (c = 1, chloroform).

The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine, a halogen, gains an electron to form an anion (negatively-charged ion) Cl−. The salts of hydrochloric acid contain chloride ions and can also be called chlorides. The chloride ion, and its salts such as sodium chloride, are very soluble in water. It is an essential electrolyte located in all body fluids responsible for maintaining acid/base balance, transmitting nerve impulses and regulating fluid in and out of cells.

The word chloride can also form part of the name of chemical compounds in which one or more chlorine atoms are covalently bonded. For example, methyl chloride, more commonly called chloromethane, (CH3Cl) is an organic covalently bonded compound, which does not contain a chloride ion.

Thursday, May 3, 2012

Some Explanation About Acetic Acid Lipid Cholesterol


CAS Number: 604-35-3
Molecular Formula: C29H48O2
MW: 428.69
Melting point 112-114 ° C (lit.)
Specific Rotation -44 ? (c = 2, CHCl3
Use: bio-pharmaceuticals.
In solid acetic acid, the molecules form pairs (dimers), being connected by hydrogen bonds. The dimers can also be detected in the vapour at 120 °C (248 °F). Dimers also occur in the liquid phase in dilute solutions in non-hydrogen-bonding solvents, and a certain extent in pure acetic acid, but are disrupted by hydrogen-bonding solvents. The dissociation enthalpy of the dimer is estimated at 65.0–66.0 kJ/mol, and the dissociation entropy at 154–157 J mol−1 K−1. This dimerisation behaviour is shared by other lower carboxylic acids.

Lipids constitute a broad group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others. The main biological functions of lipids include energy storage, as structural components of cell membranes, and as important signaling molecules.

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Wednesday, May 2, 2012

General Introduction of Cholesteryl Benzoate

Cholesteryl benzoate

Cholesteryl benzoate, also called 5-cholesten-3-yl benzoate, is an organic chemical, an ester of cholesterol and benzoic acid. It is a liquid crystal material forming cholesteric liquid crystals with helical structure.

Item Name: Cholesteryl benzoateCAS number 604-32-0
Molecular formula C34H50O2
Molar mass 490.76 g/mol
Melting point 149-150 °C

Cholesteryl benzoate was the first material in which liquid crystal properties were discovered. In the late 1880s Friedrich Reinitzer, an Austrian botanist, while studying the chemicals in plants, heated cholesteryl benzoate. At 145 °C the material melted, yielding a cloudy fluid, which changed to the originally expected clear liquid at 178.5 °C. In 1888, the German physicist Otto Lehmann concluded the cloudy fluid presents a new phase of matter, and coined the term liquid crystal.

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Physiology of Cholesterol


Cholesterol, from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid) followed by the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol, is an organic chemical substance classified as a waxy steroid of fat. It is an essential structural component of mammalian cell membranes and is required to establish proper membrane permeability and fluidity.
CholesterolIn addition to its importance within cells, cholesterol is an important component in the hormonal systems of the body for the manufacture of bile acids, steroid hormones, and vitamin D. Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by animals; in vertebrates it is formed predominantly in the liver. Small quantities are synthesized in other cellular organisms (eukaryotes) such as plants and fungi. It is almost completely absent among prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria.
Although cholesterol is important and necessary for human health, high levels of cholesterol in the blood have been linked to damage to arteries and cardiovascular disease.
François Poulletier de la Salle first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones, in 1769. However, it was only in 1815 that chemist Eugène Chevreul named the compound "cholesterine".
Since cholesterol is essential for all animal life, it is primarily synthesized from simpler substances within the body. However, high levels in blood circulation, depending on how it is transported within lipoproteins, are strongly associated with progression of atherosclerosis. For a person of about 68 kg (150 pounds), typical total body cholesterol synthesis is about 1 g (1,000 mg) per day, and total body content is about 35 g. Typical daily additional dietary intake in the United States is 200–300 mg. The body compensates for cholesterol intake by reducing the amount synthesized.
Cholesterol is recycled. It is excreted by the liver via the bile into the digestive tract. Typically about 50% of the excreted cholesterol is reabsorbed by the small bowel back into the bloodstream. Phytosterols (similar substances produced within plants) can compete with cholesterol reabsorption in the intestinal tract, thus reducing cholesterol reabsorption


Wednesday, March 28, 2012

Use of Chloride Cholesterol


Properties of chloride cholesterol :
Chloride cholesterolMolecular formula: C27H45Cl
MW: 405.10
CAS No. :910-31-6
melting point 93-96 ° C.
Specific Rotation -30 ° (c = 1, chloroform).
Chloride cholesterol is a kind of white powder. The cholesterol is used for producing vitamin D2 and D3, and the main raw material of installing artificial bezoar and synthesizing of hormone. The cholesterol is still the raw material of cosmetics, and a good surfactant of medicine products. It can also be used for additive of animal feed. Osmotic cell swelling-induced efflux of 125I- was determined in human epithelial Intestine 407 cells and in skin fibroblasts obtained from healthy controls or Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) patients. Cellular cholesterol content was modulated by pre-incubation with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in the presence of acceptor lipid vesicles.

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Tuesday, March 27, 2012

A Test on Acetic Acid Lipid Cholesterol

Acetic acid lipid cholesterolIn order to investigate the efficacy of the intake of vinegar for prevention of hyperlipidaemia, they examined the effect of dietary acetic acid, the main component of vinegar, on serum lipid values in rats fed a diet containing 1 % (w/w) cholesterol. Animals were allowed free access to a diet containing no cholesterol, a diet containing 1 % cholesterol without acetic acid, or a diet containing 1 % cholesterol with 0.3 % (w/w) acetic acid for 19 d. Then, they were killed after food deprivation for 7 h. Cholesterol feeding increased serum total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. Compared with the cholesterol-fed group, the cholesterol and acetic acid-fed group had significantly lower values for serum total cholesterol and triacylglycerols, liver ATP citrate lyase (ATP-CL) activity, and liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA content as well as liver mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1, ATP-CL and fatty acid synthase (P<0.05). Further, the serum secretin level, liver acyl-CoA oxidase expression, and faecal bile acid content were significantly higher in the cholesterol and acetic acid-fed group than in the cholesterol-fed group (P<0.05). However, acetic acid feeding affected neither the mRNA level nor activity of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase. In conclusion, dietary acetic acid reduced serum total cholesterol and triacylglycerol: first due to the inhibition of lipogenesis in liver; second due to the increment in faecal bile acid excretion in rats fed a diet containing cholesterol.

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Monday, March 26, 2012

Description of Cholesteryl Benzoate


Cholesteryl benzoate, which is also called 5-cholesten-3-yl benzoate, is an organic chemical, an ester of cholesterol and benzoic acid. It is a liquid crystal material forming cholesteric liquid crystals with helical structure.
Cholesteryl benzoate can be used with cholesteryl nonanoate and cholesteryl oleyl carbonate in some thermochromic liquid crystals.
Cholesteryl benzoateIt is applied in some hair colors, make-ups, and some other cosmetic preparations.
Cholesteryl benzoate can be also used as a component of the liquid crystals used for liquid crystal displays.
Cholesteryl benzoate was the first material in which liquid crystal properties were discovered. In the late 1880s Friedrich Reinitzer, an Austrian botanist, while studying the chemicals in plants, heated cholesteryl benzoate. At 145 °C the material melted, yielding a cloudy fluid, which changed to the originally expected clear liquid at 178.5 °C. In 1888, the German physicist Otto Lehmann concluded the cloudy fluid presents a new phase of matter, and coined the term liquid crystal.

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Friday, March 23, 2012

The Nutrition of Cholesterol

CholesterolCholesterol is a soft, waxy substance in the body parts. Your body makes some cholesterol, and cholesterol you eat food. The cholesterol , your body needs a little work properly. But too much cholesterol can clog your arteries and lead to heart disease. This article focuses on cholesterol and your diet.
Cholesterol can be found in eggs, dairy products, meat, and poultry. Egg yolks and organ meats (liver, kidney, sweetbread, and brain) are high in cholesterol. Fish generally contains less cholesterol than other meats, but some shellfish are high in cholesterol.
Foods of plant origin (vegetables, fruits, grains, cereals, nuts, and seeds) contain no cholesterol. Fat content is not a good measure of cholesterol content. For example, liver and other organ meats are low in fat, but very high in cholesterol.

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