Details of Ribonuclease

Ribonuclease (commonly abbreviated RNase) is a kind of nuclease that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components. Ribonucleases can be divided into endoribonucleases and exoribonucleases, and comprise several sub-classes within the EC 2.7 (for the phosphorolytic enzymes) and 3.1 (for the hydrolytic enzymes) classes of enzymes.

Pancreatic ribonuclease is an endoribonuclease. It catalyzes the cleavage of the phosphodiester bond between the 5’-ribose of a nucleotide and the phosphate group attached to the 3’-ribose of an adjacent pyrimidine nucleotide. This cleavage forms a 2’,3’-cyclic phosphate, which is then hydrolyzed to the corresponding 3’-nucleoside phosphate.
RNase have been found in greatest quantity in ruminant pancrease (Barnard 1969). The major component of the crystalline enzyme is RNase A; a minor component is RNase B. RNase B is the glycosylated form of RNase A.

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