Buspirone (BEW-spi-rohn; trade name Buspar, pronounced BYOO-spar) is an anxiolytic psychoactive drug of the azapirone chemical class, and is primarily used to treat generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) gained FDA approval of buspirone in 1986 for treatment of GAD. The patent on Buspar by Bristol-Myers Squibb expired in 2001, and buspirone is available as a generic.
Buspirone functions as a serotonin 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist. It is this action that is thought to mediate its anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. Additionally, it functions as a dopamine D2, as well as α1, and α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist to a lesser degree, though these properties are generally undesirable in an anxiolytic and likely only contribute to side effects.
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